Inservice Teaching Faculties

This sub link provides an outline of the Curriculum to be followed at the four week long Faculty Upgradation Program in Environmental Economics for Post Graduate Faculties in Environmental Economics. The main objective of the programme is to help the participants to understand the interaction between economic and environmental systems and the manner in which resource allocation decisions affect the environment.

• Course Outline

• Reading Material

• References & Bibliography

• Progragmme Schedule

Course Outline

Introduction
Introduction to Environmental Economics
Energy, Economy, Environment – Interface
Externalities and Economic Efficiency, Market Failure
Externalities as Public Goods
Efficient Level of Provision of Public Good
Internalizing Externalities
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Applications
Econometric Analyses
Taxes, Permits and Standards as Corrective Measures
Coase’s Theorem and Its Critique
Uncertainty, Market Imperfection, Non-convexity
Pigouvian Optimum: Standards – Charges/Permits Approach
Case Studies 

Valuation Methods and Approaches
Use values, Option Values, Existence Values, and Bequest Values
Market and Non-market Benefits
Indirect and Direct Methods
Physical Linkage, Abatement Cost Methods
Contingent Valuation Method (CVM)
Willingness to Pay, Willingness to Accept, Problems with CVM
Cast Studies relating to the Valuation of Forests, Water, Air and Biodiversity


Resource Economics
Overview of Natural Resources Exhaustible Resource Economics – Theory and Application Renewable Resource Economics – Theory and Application Resource Use and Policy Common Property Resources: Concepts and Applications Natural Resource Accounting
Need for Natural Resource Accounting (NRA)
Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting
Integration into the system of National Income Accounting, Green NDP
Case Studies

Energy and Environment
Energy Dynamics and Energy Modeling
Impact of Power Consumption on the Environment
Energy Conservation and Environmental Implications
Effects of Urbanization on Environment
Urban Environmental Issues

Environmental Impact Assessment
Appraisal of Project with Environmental Impacts
Environment and Social Assessment of Projects
Developing Indicators to quantify the Environment and Implications of Project
Financial, Economic and Social Performance of Projects
Environmental Auditing for Industries
Case Studies

Poverty and Environment
Poor and Resource Degradation
Rural Energy and Water Usage – Environmental Implications
Environmental Laws, Regulations and Institutions
Environmental Legislations
Design and Regulation of Mechanism for Pollution Control
Setting Standards and Enforcement Issues 
Instruments for Deterrence from non-compliance and Strict Liability
Evaluation of India’s Environmental Policies

International Issues
Links Between Trade and Environment
Trade and Environment in the WTO Regime
TRIPS and Biodiversity
Climate Change: Concepts and Impacts
GHG Emissions: Sources and Sinks
Global Negotiations
India’s Response Strategies
Kyoto Protocol - Joint Implementation, Emissions Trading and Clean Development Mechanism

Ecological Economics and Sustainable Development
Elements of Ecology
Material Balance Approach
Limits to Substitution and Irreversibility
Sustainable Development - Concepts and Indicators
Operationalizing Sustainable Development – Case Study
Environment and Development Trade-off

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Reading Material

Text Book : Hanley, Nick; Shogren, Jason, F. White, Ben, Environmental Economics in Theory and Practice, Macmillan, 1997
VOLUME I
Concepts and Issues
Concepts

1. “Externalities, Information and Alternative Collective Action” - O. A. Davis and M. I. Kamien in Dorfman and Dorfman (ed.) Economics of Environment, Norton Company, 1972.1-10

2. “The Problem of Social Cost” - Ronald Coase, in Dorfman and Dorfman (ed.) Economics of Environment, Norton Company, 1972.11-25.

3. “Standards Charges and Equity” - A. V. Kneese and B. T. Bower in Dorfman and Dorfman (ed.) Economics of Environment, Norton Company, 1972.26-32

4. “Environmental Costs of Economic Growth” - B. Commoner in Dorfman and Dorfman (ed.) Economics of Environment, Norton Company, 1972. 33-44

5. “Environmental Repercussions and the Economic Structure: An Input - Output Application” - W. Leontiff, in Dorfman and Dorfman (ed.) Economics of Environment, Norton Company, 1972. 45-55

Resource Economics

1. "Hotelling's" Economics of Exhaustible Resources’: 50 Years Later” – S Devarajan and A. C. Fisher, Journal of Economic Literature, 19, 8 Pp.65-73 56-60

2. “Energy and Depletable Resources: Economics and Policy” - Charles Kolstad, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39 (3), 2000.61-72 

3. “Renewable Resource Economists and Policy: What Difference We Have Made” - J. E. Wilen, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39 (3), 2000.73-83. 
   Environmental Valuation and Accounting 

Environmental Valuation and Accounting 

1. “Accounting and Valuation of Environment” – Volume I, Primer, United Nations, 1997.84-128 

2. “The Value of World's Ecosystem Services and Nature Capital” - Costanza et. al, 1998, Ecological Economics, 25, Pp.1-15.129-143 

3. “WTP & WTA - How much they can differ?” – W.M. Hanemann, 1991, American Economic Review, 81, Pp.635-47 144-150 

4. “Evaluating Environmental Damages and Benefits” – David Pearce and J.J. Warford, 1993, in ‘World Without End: Economics, Environment and Sustainable Development’, Chapter 5, Oxford University Press and World Bank, 97-144.151-178 

5. “Wasting Assets: Natural Resources in National Income Accounts” – R. Repetto et.al., 1992, in Anil Markandya and Julie Richardson (eds.) ‘Environmental Economics’, Chapter 25, Earthscan, 364-388. 179-191 

6. “Net National Product & Social Well Being” – P. Dasgupta and K.G. Maler, 1999, Environment and Development Economics.192-204 

Pollution Control – Policy Instruments 

1. “Economic Incentives for Environmental Protection: Integrating Theory and Practice” – R.W. Hahn & R. N. Stavivs, 1992, American Economic Review, Vol. 82, Pp.464-68.205-207 

2. “Policy Instruments for Pollution Control in Developing Countries” – Gunnar S. Eskeland and E. Jimenez, 1992, World Bank Research Observer, 7(2), 145-69.208-220 

3. “Correlated Uncertainty and Policy Instrument Choice” - R. N. Stavivs, Journal of Environment Economics and Management, Vol.30 (2), 1995.221-236 

4. “Urban Air Pollution in Developing Countries: Problems and Policies” – Alan J. Krupnick, in P. Dasgupta and K.G. Maler (ed) The Environment and Emerging Development Issues, Volume 2, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997.237-254 

Miscellaneous 

1. “Environmental Issues and Economic Decisions in Developing Countries” – Mohan Munasinghe, 1992, World Development, 21(11): 1729-48. 255-274 

2. “Environment and Development: Theory and International Evidence” – J.M. Antle and Heidobrink, 1995, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 43(3), 603-25. 275-285 

3. “Macroeconomic Policies, Second Best Theory and The Environment” – K.G. Maler and M. Munasinghe, 1996, Environment and Development Economics, 1(2), 149-63.286-293 

4. “Population, Resources and Poverty” – Partha Dasgupta, 1992, Ambio, 21(1), 95-101.294-300 

5. “Urban Environmental Sustainability: Critical Issues and Policy Measures in a Third World Context” – Peter Nijkamp and Hans Opschoor, 1997, in Manas Chatterji and Yang Kaizhong (eds.) ‘Regional Science in Developing Countries’, Chapter 5, Macmillan, 52-73. 301-311 

VOLUME II 
Concepts and Issues

Environmental Economics

1. A survey” – M.L. Cropper and W.E. Oates, Journal of Economic Literature, 1992, Vol. 30, Pp. 675-740. 1-33

Sustainability 

1. “Interpreting Sustainability” - G. M. Heal, in Sustainability: Dynamics & Uncertainty, Kluwer Academic Publ., 1998.34-44 

2. “Sustainable Energy Development: Issues and Policy” - Mohan Munasinghe in Kleindorfor P. R. et. al (ed.) Energy, Environment and Economy: Asian Perspective, Edward Elgar, 1996.45-65

3. "Towards an Ecological Economics of Sustainability" - Common and Perrings, 1992, Ecological Economics, Vol.7, Pp.7-34.66-86 

Global Issues 

1. “Efficiency Issues and the Montreal Protocol on CFCs” – Peter Bohm in P. Dasgupta and K.G. Maler (ed) The Environment and Emerging Development Issues, Volume 2, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997. 87-101 

2. “Some Economics of Global Warming” – T.C. Schelling, 1992, American Economic Review, 82: 1-14.102-109 

3. Climate Change Policy – Facts, Issues and Analysis, C.J. Jepma and M. Munasinghe, Cambridge University Press, 1998 – Chapters 1 & 8. 110-159 

4. “Free Ride Through Delay: Risks and Accountability Force” - Jyoti Parikh and Kirit Parikh, Environment and Development Economics, 1998.160-162

5. “CO2 and Greenhouse Effect: A Game-Theoretic Exploration” – Michael Hoel, in P. Dasgupta and K.G. Maler (ed) The Environment and Emerging Development Issues, Volume 2, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997.163-177 

Miscellaneous

1. “Has Economic Research Answered the Needs of Environmental Policy?” – M.L. Cropper, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39, 328-350, 2000.178-189 

2. “The Impact of Economics on Environmental Policy” – R.W. Hahn, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39, 328-350, 2000. 190-202 

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References &  Bibliography
Reference Books

• Baumol, W.J. & Oates, Wallace E., Theory of environmental policy, Cambridge University Press, 1988

• Bojo, Jan; Maler, Karl-Goran; Unemo, Lena, Environment and development: an economic approach, Kluwer Academic Publishers 1, 1996

• Bromley, Daniel W. ed., Handbook of environmental economics, Blackwell, 1995

• Chichilnisky, Graciela; Heal, Geoffrey; Vercelli, Alesandro eds., Sustainability : dynamics and uncertainty, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997

• Conrad, Jon M.; Clark, Colin W., Natural resource economics: notes and problems, Cambridge University Press, 1995

• Costanza, Robert, Frontiers in ecological economics, Edward Elgar, 1997

• Costanza, Robert...et al., An introduction to ecological economics, St. Lucie Press, 1997

• Costanza, Robert; Perrings, Charles; Cleveland, Cutler J. eds., The development of ecological economics, Edward Elgar, 1997

• Daly, Herman E., Ecological economics and the ecology of economics : essays in criticism, Edward Elgar, 1999

• Dorfman, Robert; Dorfman, Nancy S., eds., Economics of the environment: selected readings; 3rd ed., W.W.Norton & Co., 1993

• Fisher, Anthony C., Resource and environmental economics, Cambridge University Press, 1981
  Folmer, Henk; Gabel, H. Landis;Opschoor, Hans, eds., Principles of environmental and resource economics: a guide for students and decision-makers, Edward Elgar, 1995

• Freeman, A. Myrick., The economic approach to environmental policy : the selected essays of A. Myrick Freeman III, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Hanley, Nick; Folmer, Henk eds., Game theory and the environment, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Hartwick, John M.; Olewiler, Nancy D., The economics of natural resource use; 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 1997

• Hussen, Ahmed M., Principles of environmental economics: economics, ecology and public policy, Routledge, 1999

• Jepma, Catrinus J.; Munasinghe, Mohan, Climate change policy : facts, issues, and analyses, CUP, 1998

• Nordhaus, William D., Managing the global commons: the economics of climate change, MIT Press, 1994

• Oates, Wallace E. ed., The RFF reader in environmental and resource management, Resources for the Future, 1999

• Pearce, David, Economics and environment: essays on ecological economics and sustainable development, Edward Elgar, 1999

• Perrings, Charles, Economics of ecological resources: selected essays, Edward Elgar, 1997

• Pickering, Kevin T.; Owen, Lewis A., An introduction to global environmental issues; 2nd ed., Routledge, 1997

• Tietenberg, Thomas; Button, Kenneth; Nijkamp, Peter eds., Environmental instruments and institutions, Edward Elgar, 1999

• Tietenberg, Tom, Environmental and natural resource economics, HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996

• Tietenberg, Tom, Environmental economics and policy; 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 1997

• Indian Books – Indian Studies
  Chopra, Kanchan; Kadekodi, Gopal K., Operationalising sustainable development: economic-ecological modeling for developing countries, Sage Publications, 1999

• Dinar, Ariel...et al., Measuring the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture, World Bank, 1998
  Mehta, Shekhar; Mundle, Sudipto; Sankar, U., Controlling pollution : incentives and regulations, Sage Publications, 1997

• Murty, M.N.; James, A.J. and Misra, Smita, Economics of water pollution: the Indian experience, Oxford University Press, 1999

• Murty, M.N.; James, A.J.; Misra, Smita, Economics of industrial pollution abatement : theory and empirical evidence from the Indian experience, Oxford University Press, 1998

• Rao, M. Govinda; Kalirajan, K.P.; Shand, Ric, The economics of electricity supply in India, Macmillan India Ltd., 1998

• Singh, Katar; Ballabh, Vishwa, Cooperative management of natural resources, Sage Publications, 1996

Bibliography

• Acutt, Melinda; Mason, Pamela eds., Environmental valuation, economic policy and sustainability : recent advances in environmental economics, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Aronsson, Thomas; Johansson, Per-Olov; Lofgren, Karl-Gustaf, Welfare measurement, sustainability and green national accounting, Edward Elgar, 1997

• Ayres, Robert U.; Ayres, Leslie W., Accounting for resources, 1: economy-wide applications of mass-balance principles to materials and waste, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Bartelmus, Peter, Environment, growth and development: the concepts and strategies of sustainability, Routledge, 1994

• Bejan, Adrian; Vadasi, Peter; Kroger, Detlev G. Eds., Energy and the environment, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999

• Bell, Simon; Morse, Stephen, Sustainability indicators: measuring the immeasurable ?, Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1999

• Bjornstad, David, J.; Kahn, James, R., The contingent valuation of environmental resources: methodological issues and research needs, Edward Elgar, 1996

• Bohm, Peter, The economics of environmental protection : theory and demand revelation, Edward Elgar, 1997

• Brake, Duncan; Grubb, Michael; Windram, Craig, International trade and climate change policies, Earthscan Publications, 2000

• Bromley, Daniel W. ed., Handbook of environmental economics, Blackwell, 1995

• Calvert, Peter; Calvert, Susan, The south, the north and the environment, Pinter, 1999

• Costanza, Robert; Segura; Martinez-Alier, Juan eds., Getting down to earth : practical applications of ecological economics, Island Press, 1996

• Daly, Herman E., Ecological economics and the ecology of economics: essays in criticism, Edward Elgar, 1999

• Dixon, John A...et al., Economic analysis of environmental impacts, Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1994

• Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific, Accounting and valuation of environment: Vol.II : case studies from the ESCAP region, United Nations, 1997

• Faber, Malte; Manstetten, Reiner; Proops, Peter, Ecological economics: concepts and methods, Edward Elgar, 1996

• Field, Barry C., Environmental economics: an introduction, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1994

• Fisher, Anthony, C., Environmental and resource economics, Edward Elgar, 1995

• Glasbergen, Pieter, Co-operative environmental governance: public-private agreements as a policy strategy, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998

• Hanley, Nick; Folmer, Henk eds., Game theory and the environment, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Hanley, Nick; Spash, Clive L., Cost-benefit analysis and the environment, Edward Elgar, 1993

• Heywood, V.H. ed., Global biodiversity assessment, Cambridge University Press, 1995

• Kirkby, John; O'Keefe, Phil; Timberlake, Lloyd eds., The earthscan reader in sustainable development, Earthscan publications Ltd., 1995

• Kneese, Allen V.; Sweeney, James L. eds., Handbook of natural resource & energy economics - 3 Vols., Elsevier, 1985

• Kneese, Allen, V., Natural resource economics, Edward Elgar, 1995
  Kopp, R.J.; Pommerehne, W.W.; Schwarz, N. Eds., Determining the value of non-marketed goods : economic, psychological, and policy relevant aspects of contingent valuation methods, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997

• Loehman, Edna Tusak; Kilgour, D. Marc eds., Designing institutions for environmental and resource management, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Markandya, Anil; Richardson, Julie, eds., The earthscan reader in environmental economics, Earthscan Publications Ltd., 1992

• Oates, Wallace E. ed., the economics of the environment, Edward Edgar, 1994

• Oates, Wallace E., The economics of environmental regulation, Edward Elgar, 1996
  Palo, Matti; Mery, Gerardo eds., Sustainable forestry challenges for developing countries, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996

• Panagariya, Arvind; Portney, Paul R.; Schwab, Robert M. eds., Environmental and public economics : essays in honor of Wallace E. Oates, Edward Elgar, 1999

• Panayotou, Theodore, Green markets: the economics of sustainable development, ICS Press, 1993

• Pearce, David; Barbara, Edward, Blueprint for a sustainable economy, Earthscan Publications Ltd, 2000

• Pearce, David; Markandya, Anil; Barbier, Edward B., Blueprint for a green economy: a report, Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1989

• Pearce, David; Moran, Dominic, The economic value of biodiversity, Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1997

• Perch, David W.; Warford, Jeremy J., World without end: economics, environment, and sustainable development, Oxford University Press, 1993

• Perman, Roger; Ma, Yue; McGilvray, James, Natural resource and environmental economics, Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1996

• Perrings, C.A...et al. eds., Biodiversity conservation : problems and policies : papers from the Biodiversity programme Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995

• Perrings, Charles, Biodiversity loss: economic and ecological issues, Cambridge University Press, 1995

• Roodman, David Malin, The natural wealth of nations : harnessing the market for the environment, Earthscan Publications, 1999

• Sevigny, Maureen, Taxing automobile emissions for pollution control, Edward Elgar, 1998

• Smith, V.Kerry, Estimating economic values for nature : methods for non-market valuation, Edward Elgar, 1996

• Swanson, Timothy M. ed., The economics of environmental degradation : tragedy for the commons?, Edward Elgar, 1996

• United Nations; Economic and social commission for Asia and Pacific Region, Accounting and valuation of environment : a primer for developing countries : vol. I, United Nations, 1997

• van den Bergh, Jereon C.J.M., Ecological economics and sustainable development: theory, methods and applications, Edward Elgar, 1996

• Willis, Kenneth G.; Button, Kenneth; Nijkamp, Peter eds., Environmental valuation: Volume II: multi-attribute Programmes, validity, allocaton issues and case studies, Edward Elgar, 1999

VOLUME III
Case Studies

1. “Accounting and Valuation of Environment” – Volume II, Case Studies from ESCAP Region, United Nations, 1997. 1 - 45 

2. “Economic Valuation of Environmental Impacts: Issues and Application in Indian Context” - Anil Markandeya, 1994. 46-65 

3. “The Cost of Inaction: Valuing the Economy-wide costs of Environmental Degradation in India” - Carter Brandon and Kirsten Hommann, 1995. 66-111 

4. “WTP for Borivili National Park: Evidence from a Contingent Valuation”- Nandini Hadker et. al., Ecological Economics, 1997. 112-129 

5. “Economic Aspects of Wildlife Protection in DPG: A case study of Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, India” - M. N. Murthy and Susan M. Menkhaus, 1994. 130-159 

6. “Valuation and Pricing of NTFP - A Study for Raipur District of Madhya Pradesh” - Kanchan Chopra, 1994. 160-184 

7. “Measuring Non-user Benefits from Cleaning Ganges” – A.J. James and M. N. Murty, 1999. 185-218 

8. “Sustainable Development and Biodiversity Conservation in North East India in Context” - Clem Tisdell, 1999. 219-229

9. “Fiscal Instruments for Pollution Abatement: A Study of Distilleries in India” – Bishwanath Goldar and Rita Pandey, 1997. 230-248 

10. “Water Pollution Abatement: A Taxes-Standards Approach for Indian Industry” - A. J. James and M. N. Murty, 1996. 249-259 

11. “Economic Analysis of Environmental Problems in Tanneries and Suggestions for Policy Action – Common Effluent Treatment Plants” - U. Sankar, 1998. 260-308 

12. “Economic Development, Poverty Reduction and Carbon Emission in India” - N. S. Murthy, M. Panda, J. Parikh, Energy Economics, 1997. 309-323 

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Programme Schedule

The four week faculty up gradation training program should cover the following subject areas:

In week 1

Day 1	Overview Lecture on the Courses offered during the training program
Day 2	Theory of Externalities  Multiple Regression Framework - Overview Cross-sectional and Time-series Regressions – Overview
Day 3	Theory of Public Goods Social Cost Benefit Analysis – Theory and Applications
Day 4	Environmental Valuation – Theory and Applications Valuation – Case Study Seminars presented by participating faculties
Day 5	Pollution Control Instruments Instruments for Pollution Control – A Case Study on Taxes and Standards Instruments for Pollution Control - Indian Case Study on CETP

In week 2

Day 6	Pollution Abatement Cost Pollution Control – SSI in India Ganga Action Plan – Case Study Valuation:"Cost of Inaction"
Day 7	Design of Pigouvian Taxes Valuation of Health Impacts – Case Study Indian Agriculture – Climate Sensitivity Visit to any environmental research organization based in and around the Training Program hosting institute for the infield exposure to the training faculties on the various research streams of environmental economics
Day 8	Energy and Environment – Linkages and Modeling Environment Impact Assessment and Environmental Auditing
Day 9	Exhaustible Resource Economics Resource Use - Indian and Global Issues
Day 10	Renewable Resource Economics Valuation of Water – Case Study Environmental Damage Assessment

In week 3

Day 11	Climate Change – Concept and Issues Global Climate Change Negotiations Natural Resource Accounting
Day 12	An exposure of the experienceof being an NGO Common Property Resources Environment and Development – Trade off
Day 13	Trade and Environment TRIPS and Biodiversity Environment and Institutions
Day 14	MP and Biodiversity Convention Field Visit to any industry based in and around the Training Program hosting institute for the infield exposure to the training faculties on the various eco-friendly techniques adopted by the industries to protect the environment
Day 15	Developing Environmental Database for India Environmental Law – Indian Scenario

In week 4

Day 16	Ecology and Economics – Modeling Seminars presented by participating faculties Seminars presented by participating faculties
Day 17	Sustainable Development Seminars presented by participating faculties Seminars presented by participating faculties
Day 18	Seminars presented by participating faculties Seminars presented by participating faculties Seminars presented by participating faculties
Day 19	Operationalizing Sustainable Development Panel Discussion: Has Economic Research Answered the Needs of Environmental Policy?
Day 20	Programme Evaluation and Valedictory Session

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